Add type hinting to explorer.py (#7388)

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

ultralytics/data/explorer/explorer.py

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 from io import BytesIO
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import List
+from typing import Any, List, Tuple, Union
 
 import cv2
 import numpy as np
 import torch
 from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
+from pandas import DataFrame
 from PIL import Image
 from tqdm import tqdm
 
@@ -13,18 +14,18 @@ from ultralytics.data.augment import Format
 from ultralytics.data.dataset import YOLODataset
 from ultralytics.data.utils import check_det_dataset
 from ultralytics.models.yolo.model import YOLO
-from ultralytics.utils import LOGGER, checks
+from ultralytics.utils import LOGGER, IterableSimpleNamespace, checks
 
 from .utils import get_sim_index_schema, get_table_schema, plot_similar_images, sanitize_batch
 
 
 class ExplorerDataset(YOLODataset):
 
-    def __init__(self, *args, data=None, **kwargs):
+    def __init__(self, *args, data: dict = None, **kwargs) -> None:
         super().__init__(*args, data=data, **kwargs)
 
     # NOTE: Load the image directly without any resize operations.
-    def load_image(self, i):
+    def load_image(self, i: int) -> Union[Tuple[np.ndarray, Tuple[int, int], Tuple[int, int]], Tuple[None, None, None]]:
         """Loads 1 image from dataset index 'i', returns (im, resized hw)."""
         im, f, fn = self.ims[i], self.im_files[i], self.npy_files[i]
         if im is None:  # not cached in RAM
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ class ExplorerDataset(YOLODataset):
 
         return self.ims[i], self.im_hw0[i], self.im_hw[i]
 
-    def build_transforms(self, hyp=None):
+    def build_transforms(self, hyp: IterableSimpleNamespace = None):
         return Format(
             bbox_format='xyxy',
             normalize=False,
@@ -53,7 +54,10 @@ class ExplorerDataset(YOLODataset):
 
 class Explorer:
 
-    def __init__(self, data='coco128.yaml', model='yolov8n.pt', uri='~/ultralytics/explorer') -> None:
+    def __init__(self,
+                 data: Union[str, Path] = 'coco128.yaml',
+                 model: str = 'yolov8n.pt',
+                 uri: str = '~/ultralytics/explorer') -> None:
         checks.check_requirements(['lancedb', 'duckdb'])
         import lancedb
 
@@ -68,7 +72,7 @@ class Explorer:
         self.table = None
         self.progress = 0
 
-    def create_embeddings_table(self, force=False, split='train'):
+    def create_embeddings_table(self, force: bool = False, split: str = 'train') -> None:
         """
         Create LanceDB table containing the embeddings of the images in the dataset. The table will be reused if it
         already exists. Pass force=True to overwrite the existing table.
@@ -118,7 +122,7 @@ class Explorer:
 
         self.table = table
 
-    def _yield_batches(self, dataset, data_info, model, exclude_keys: List):
+    def _yield_batches(self, dataset: ExplorerDataset, data_info: dict, model: YOLO, exclude_keys: List[str]):
         # Implement Batching
         for i in tqdm(range(len(dataset))):
             self.progress = float(i + 1) / len(dataset)
@@ -129,7 +133,9 @@ class Explorer:
             batch['vector'] = model.embed(batch['im_file'], verbose=False)[0].detach().tolist()
             yield [batch]
 
-    def query(self, imgs=None, limit=25):
+    def query(self,
+              imgs: Union[str, np.ndarray, List[str], List[np.ndarray]] = None,
+              limit: int = 25) -> Any:  # pyarrow.Table
         """
         Query the table for similar images. Accepts a single image or a list of images.
 
@@ -162,7 +168,9 @@ class Explorer:
         embeds = torch.mean(torch.stack(embeds), 0).cpu().numpy() if len(embeds) > 1 else embeds[0].cpu().numpy()
         return self.table.search(embeds).limit(limit).to_arrow()
 
-    def sql_query(self, query, return_type='pandas'):
+    def sql_query(self,
+                  query: str,
+                  return_type: str = 'pandas') -> Union[DataFrame, Any, None]:  # pandas.dataframe or pyarrow.Table
         """
         Run a SQL-Like query on the table. Utilizes LanceDB predicate pushdown.
 
@@ -177,7 +185,7 @@ class Explorer:
             ```python
             exp = Explorer()
             exp.create_embeddings_table()
-            query = 'SELECT * FROM table WHERE labels LIKE "%person%"'
+            query = "SELECT * FROM 'table' WHERE labels LIKE '%person%'"
             result = exp.sql_query(query)
             ```
         """
@@ -201,7 +209,7 @@ class Explorer:
         elif return_type == 'arrow':
             return rs.arrow()
 
-    def plot_sql_query(self, query, labels=True):
+    def plot_sql_query(self, query: str, labels: bool = True) -> Image.Image:
         """
         Plot the results of a SQL-Like query on the table.
         Args:
@@ -215,7 +223,7 @@ class Explorer:
             ```python
             exp = Explorer()
             exp.create_embeddings_table()
-            query = 'SELECT * FROM table WHERE labels LIKE "%person%"'
+            query = "SELECT * FROM 'table' WHERE labels LIKE '%person%'"
             result = exp.plot_sql_query(query)
             ```
         """
@@ -223,7 +231,11 @@ class Explorer:
         img = plot_similar_images(result, plot_labels=labels)
         return Image.fromarray(img)
 
-    def get_similar(self, img=None, idx=None, limit=25, return_type='pandas'):
+    def get_similar(self,
+                    img: Union[str, np.ndarray, List[str], List[np.ndarray]] = None,
+                    idx: Union[int, List[int]] = None,
+                    limit: int = 25,
+                    return_type: str = 'pandas') -> Union[DataFrame, Any]:  # pandas.dataframe or pyarrow.Table
         """
         Query the table for similar images. Accepts a single image or a list of images.
 
@@ -251,7 +263,11 @@ class Explorer:
         elif return_type == 'arrow':
             return similar
 
-    def plot_similar(self, img=None, idx=None, limit=25, labels=True):
+    def plot_similar(self,
+                     img: Union[str, np.ndarray, List[str], List[np.ndarray]] = None,
+                     idx: Union[int, List[int]] = None,
+                     limit: int = 25,
+                     labels: bool = True) -> Image.Image:
         """
         Plot the similar images. Accepts images or indexes.
 
@@ -275,7 +291,7 @@ class Explorer:
         img = plot_similar_images(similar, plot_labels=labels)
         return Image.fromarray(img)
 
-    def similarity_index(self, max_dist=0.2, top_k=None, force=False):
+    def similarity_index(self, max_dist: float = 0.2, top_k: float = None, force: bool = False) -> DataFrame:
         """
         Calculate the similarity index of all the images in the table. Here, the index will contain the data points that
         are max_dist or closer to the image in the embedding space at a given index.
@@ -329,7 +345,7 @@ class Explorer:
         self.sim_index = sim_table
         return sim_table.to_pandas()
 
-    def plot_similarity_index(self, max_dist=0.2, top_k=None, force=False):
+    def plot_similarity_index(self, max_dist: float = 0.2, top_k: float = None, force: bool = False) -> Image:
         """
         Plot the similarity index of all the images in the table. Here, the index will contain the data points that are
         max_dist or closer to the image in the embedding space at a given index.
@@ -341,13 +357,16 @@ class Explorer:
             force (bool): Whether to overwrite the existing similarity index or not. Defaults to True.
 
         Returns:
-            PIL Image containing the plot.
+            PIL.PngImagePlugin.PngImageFile containing the plot.
 
         Example:
             ```python
             exp = Explorer()
             exp.create_embeddings_table()
-            exp.plot_similarity_index()
+
+            similarity_idx_plot = exp.plot_similarity_index()
+            similarity_idx_plot.show() # view image preview
+            similarity_idx_plot.save('path/to/save/similarity_index_plot.png') # save contents to file
             ```
         """
         sim_idx = self.similarity_index(max_dist=max_dist, top_k=top_k, force=force)
@@ -368,9 +387,10 @@ class Explorer:
         buffer.seek(0)
 
         # Use Pillow to open the image from the buffer
-        return Image.open(buffer)
+        return Image.fromarray(np.array(Image.open(buffer)))
 
-    def _check_imgs_or_idxs(self, img, idx):
+    def _check_imgs_or_idxs(self, img: Union[str, np.ndarray, List[str], List[np.ndarray], None],
+                            idx: Union[None, int, List[int]]) -> List[np.ndarray]:
         if img is None and idx is None:
             raise ValueError('Either img or idx must be provided.')
         if img is not None and idx is not None: